Pharmacological potential of condensed heterocyclic compounds based on functionally substituted 1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles (a review)

The triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole framework is an important biophoric fragment for modern organic and medicinal chemistry. This condensed system successfully combines two pharmacologically significant fivemembered heterocycles – 1,2,4-triazole and 1,3,4-thiadiazole, which causes significant interest in terms of the spectrum of activity of its analogues compared to the individual starting components. Its further functionalization opens up wide opportunities for the creation of compounds with specified biological properties, which is a relevant direction of modern medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical science. The aim of the work was analysis of literature data about biological activity of the condecsed heterocyclic systems based on functionally substituted [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles. The objects of the study were informational scientific sources on biological activity of 3,6-disubstituted triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole derivatives. The work used information search, system and content analysis, and generalization of results. A review of current literature sources was conducted, as a result of which data on the spectrum of pharmacological activity of heterocyclic systems based on [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles were carried out. Analysis of literature data indicates the ability of this scaffold to act as a universal structural platform for the design of new biologically active compounds with predicted properties and improved pharmacokinetic characteristics. It was established that derivatives of the specified heterocyclic system demonstrate a wide range of biological activity, including antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and potential antioxidant effects, which makes them promising for further pharmaceutical research. Special attention is paid to the structural features of this bicyclic scaffold, which determine its significant chemical diversity and ability to undergo functional modifications, which, in turn, significantly expands the possibilities of targeted molecular design. An analysis of literature sources on the biological activity of 3,6-disubstituted triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4] thiadiazole derivatives was carried out. It has been established that the indicated scaffold, as the main structural component, is part of compounds with antitumor, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-tuberculosis, antiviral effects, etc. In general, such a confirmed versatile pharmacological potential is an indisputable justification for further research into the indicated compounds.