Inter- and Transdisciplinarity Competencies in Medical Informatics and Digital Health Education - A Scoping Review.

INTRODUCTION: Medical informatics and digital health are intrinsically transdisciplinary fields, requiring practitioners to integrate clinical knowledge, computational methods, regulatory understanding, and societal engagement. While inter- and transdisciplinary (ITD) competencies are widely considered essential in these domains, it remains unclear how explicitly they are addressed in existing training programs. METHODS: To map the current landscape of interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary training initiatives relevant to medical informatics and digital health and to identify gaps and strategies in ITD competency development, a scoping review was conducted following PRISMA-ScR guidelines. PubMed was searched using a query combining terms for inter-/transdisciplinarity, education/training, and computational/informatics domains. After two-step title and abstract screening, 20 publications were included for full-text analysis. Publications were assessed for disciplinary coverage, ITD competency approaches, pedagogical frameworks, and relevance to ITD training in medical informatics. RESULTS: The 20 included papers show that ITD competencies are predominantly addressed implicitly through project-based or collaborative learning rather than as explicit, assessable learning objectives. A clear gap exists between the acknowledged importance of ITD competencies and their formal integration into medical informatics and digital health curricula. CONCLUSIONS: Future work should develop explicit ITD learning objectives, structured curricula, and dedicated assessment methods, aligned with ITD meta-research and supported by institutional and network-level initiatives.