Frequency Reconfigurable Using CLRH for 5G Sub-6 GHZ Wireless Application

This paper presents a flexible and adjustable antenna design that reduces interference in different practical applications. The antenna, shaped like a square with slots and integrated pin diodes, enables frequency adjustment by connecting or disconnecting components. Made of certain substrate material, the antenna operates at five frequency bands commonly used in 5G sub-6 GHz applications. Along with improving the connection with the Metamaterial (MTM) structure by using four PIN diodes without altering the radiation pattern, the new design replaces the via with a fractal technique, which cuts down on energy losses and boosts performance while also lowering costs. Simulation results demonstrate excellent impedance matching, multiple adjustable bands, and significant gain(>10 dBi). The antenna exhibits radiation patterns and achieves an efficiency greater than 75%. Analysis under various conditions shows the antenna’s performance on curved surfaces, making it suitable for adaptable electronic systems. A comparison with prior studies highlights the antenna’s potential within the specified frequency ranges.