Association between a history of threatened miscarriage and maternal and perinatal outcomes in women delivering at a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Indonesia

Background: A history of threatened miscarriage is a common complication of early pregnancy and has been suggested to be associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. However, previous studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the association between a history of threatened miscarriage and these outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the association between a history of threatened miscarriage and maternal and perinatal outcomes among women who delivered at RSUD Haji East Java Province. Methods: This analytical observational study employed a cross-sectional design using retrospective medical record data of women who delivered between January and December 2025. A total of 160 participants were selected through simple random sampling. The independent variable was a history of threatened miscarriage, while the dependent variables were maternal and perinatal outcomes. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses. Fisher's Exact Test was used to assess the association between variables, with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The prevalence of a history of threatened miscarriage among the study participants was 8.8% (14/160). Most participants did not experience maternal or perinatal complications. Bivariate analysis showed no statistically significant association between a history of threatened miscarriage and maternal outcomes (p > 0.05) or perinatal outcomes (p > 0.05). Conclusion: A history of threatened miscarriage was not significantly associated with maternal or perinatal outcomes among women who delivered at RSUD Haji East Java Province between January and December 2025. Nevertheless, pregnancies complicated by threatened miscarriage still require optimal antenatal surveillance to facilitate early detection and prevention of potential pregnancy complications.