Development of Bio-battery from Pineapple Peel Waste (Ananas Comosus L. Merr) Using Table Salt (NaCl) as Ion Source and Tapioca Starch as Matrix

This research discusses the utilization of pineapple peel waste (Ananas comosus L. Merr) as a base material for environmentally friendly bio-batteries, adding table salt (NaCl) as an ion source and tapioca starch as a matrix. The study aimed to examine the potential of pineapple peel waste in producing renewable electrical energy and to analyze the effect of NaCl and tapioca addition on bio-battery performance. The process began with preparing pineapple peel waste (drying and smoothing), which was then mixed with varying concentrations of NaCl and tapioca. The results showed that the bio-battery produced voltage and current with performance varying by composition. The optimal concentration of NaCl combined with a balanced tapioca matrix provided the most stable voltage and longer durability. This finding indicates that pineapple peel waste is a potential solution for organic waste management and an alternative eco-friendly energy source.