Qualitative Evaluation of the Autism Awareness of Pediatric Dentistry Residents of a Public University in Istanbul, Turkiye.

AIMS: This study aimed to qualitatively evaluate the awareness, knowledge levels, and clinical approaches of dental residents regarding the dental management and characteristics of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). METHODS AND RESULTS: Using a phenomenological qualitative design, data were collected through semi-structured, in-depth interviews with dental residents at a public university in Istanbul, Türkiye. Transcripts were analyzed via ATLAS-ti software to identify themes and sub-themes. Residents recognized key ASD traits such as repetitive behaviors, sensory sensitivities, and communication barriers. The theme "Experience During Examination" highlighted significant challenges, including patients' difficulty following instructions and fear of the clinical setting. Results indicated that residents utilize behavioral management strategies, such as providing isolated, low-stimulus environments and using visual aids or relaxing music. While some managed difficulties through adapted interactions, others reported a need to refer patients for conscious sedation or general anesthesia for invasive procedures. CONCLUSION: Although dental residents demonstrate a foundational awareness of ASD, they face practical challenges in clinical examination and treatment. Enhancing specialized training in behavioral management and providing low-stimulus clinical settings are essential to improve oralhealthcare outcomes for patients with ASD.