Smart medical technologies in peritoneal dialysis: current applications and future perspectives.

With the global rise in end-stage kidney disease cases, peritoneal dialysis (PD) has become a critical treatment modality for maintaining patients' quality of life. This narrative review aims to summarize and analyze the current applications and effectiveness of smart medical technologies in PD treatment, focusing on patient monitoring, treatment optimization, and healthcare delivery. This review examines the integration of smart medical technologies, including the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence, and cloud computing, in the management of PD. Key advancements discussed include: 1) IoT-enabled sensors for real-time monitoring of ultrafiltration volume and dialysate turbidity, enabling early detection of infection risks; 2) machine learning algorithms for personalized dialysis prescription adjustments to preserve residual kidney function; and 3) telemedicine platforms that enhance physician-patient collaboration and reduce the need for hospital visits. These innovations represent a significant step toward precision and intelligent management of PD, improving operational efficiency and selected outcomes. Future research should focus on addressing challenges related to data security, algorithm transparency, and real-world clinical adoption.