MACHINE-TECHNOLOGICAL STATIONS: PROBLEMS AND WAYS OF DEVELOPMENT AT THE MODERN LEVEL

The role of machine-technological stations in increasing the efficiency of the use of agricultural machinery and the introduction of advanced technologies in agriculture was considered. Identified the problems that slow down the development of machine-technological stations, and suggested ways to solve them. (Research purpose) The research purpose is assessing the current state and prospects of development of machine-technological stations in Russia, identifying the main problems and proposing the measures to improve their efficiency and profitability. (Materials and methods) Analyzed statistical data on the number and activity of machine-technological stations in Russia and studied their experience. We used the data of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia on the state of the agricultural machinery fleet and the possibilities of increasing it through the creation and modernization of machine-technological stations. (Results and discussion) Until 2023, more than 800 machine-technological stations operated in Russia, performing up to 6 percent of all field work. Due to a number of problems, including increased taxation, technical backwardness, chronic indebtedness of agricultural producers, their number has sharply decreased. It was noted that one of the key ways to increase the efficiency of machine-technological stations is considered to be the use of a leasing mechanism to provide modern equipment. To optimize their work, it is proposed to provide subsidies and benefits, indexation of the federal leasing fund, establishment of optimal terms and amounts of lease payments, debt restructuring. (Conclusions) It is necessary to significantly increase the fleet of agricultural machinery. The solution of this problem most effectively corresponds to the creation of new and modernization of existing machine-technological stations. The arrival of new equipment will increase the coefficient of technical readiness of the machine and tractor fleet to 0.95, reduce the financial costs of agricultural producers by 15-20 percent, increase the shift and annual production of machines by two to three times.