The potential hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory role of Quercetin via mitigation of VCAM-1 and Nlrc4 and regulation of SCD1 and G-6-PASE in type 2 diabetic rats.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. It may be due to impaired insulin secretion, resistance to peripheral actions of insulin, or both. Inflammation and deregulation of glucose metabolism are closely linked to obesity. Lipid buildup makes the liver more vulnerable to conditions that cause fibrosis and inflammation. Liver fibrosis results in diminished blood flow throughout the liver. Natural herbs are effective treatments for diabetes. Quercetin is a bioflavonoid known for its potential medicinal benefits, including anti-diabetic activities. This work evaluates efficiency of quercetin on liver tissue in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. 40 rats were classified into 4 equal groups: GI: control non-diabetics; GII: injected with streptozotocin; GIII: diabetic rats were given quercetin; GIV: diabetic rats were received metformin. Liver tissues VCAM-1, Nlrc4, SCD1 and G-6-PASE gene expression were evaluated. Quercetin treated diabetic rats dramatically lowered inflammatory mediators VCAM-1 and Nlrc4 genes and regulates lipogenesis-related genes stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1, and glucose-6-phosphate of liver comparing with the diabetic group and diabetic group treated with metformin. In conclusion, Quercetin displays potential anti-diabetic and hepatoprotective effects, with acts on multiple targets of diabetes and regulates key signalling pathways which improve the symptoms as well as the complications of Type 2 diabetes and slows the progression of liver fibrosis.