Co-expression of the Mammaglobin (SCGB2A2) Gene With hsa-miR-184 and hsa-miR-190b Indicates Its Possible Role in Oncogenic Pathways in Breast Cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, and early detection remains a significant challenge. Recent studies have identified increased expression of Mammaglobin A (Q13296, Gene: SCGB2A2) mRNA in breast cancer, suggesting its potential as a disease marker, although its function is not fully understood. To elucidate Mammaglobin's role, this study sought to identify co-expressed miRNAs and analyze the biological pathways they regulate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using TCGAbiolinks and Firebrowse, miRNA and gene expression data were collected from 86 patients, including tumor and normal tissue samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Breast Cancer cohort. Transcriptomic data were analyzed with DESeq2, and a Spearman correlation was calculated for significant p-values, which were further explored using enrichment tools and target gene databases. RESULTS: DESeq2 was used to identify differential expression of miRNAs between normal and tumor breast tissues. Out of 782 miRNAs differentially expressed in breast cancer, hsa-mir-184 and hsa-mir-190b showed a significant positive correlation with SCGB2A expression. These markers were also upregulated in breast cancer tissues compared to normal tissues. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that hsa-mir-184 and hsa-mir-190b play important roles in cancer and cellular proliferation. These miRNAs target a wide range of genes, including sorting nexin 9 (SNX9) and annexin 6 (ANXA6), which are involved in membrane stability, vesicular trafficking, and cell mobility, and they contribute to cancer metastasis. CONCLUSION: The positive correlation among the expression of hsa-miR-184, hsa-miR-190b, and SCGB2A2 suggests that they may participate in shared biological pathways. These pathways govern critical cellular processes, such as membrane trafficking and cell signaling, which are frequently disrupted in cancer. Consequently, these findings enable a better understanding of the role of Mammaglobin in breast cancer signaling.