Factors Affecting Visual Outcome After Traumatic Cataract Surgery in a Tertiary Hospital in Ahvaz, Iran.

PURPOSE: Ocular trauma represents a considerable etiological factor for unilateral blindness, especially in developing countries. This research was conducted to examine the determinants influencing visual acuity after surgical intervention for traumatic cataracts. METHODS: This retrospective study investigated individuals diagnosed with traumatic cataract who were referred and subsequently underwent surgical intervention in a tertiary hospital in Ahvaz, Iran, from June 2013 to October 2023. All patients were contacted, and a thorough ophthalmological evaluation was performed for each person. Visual acuity was assessed utilizing a range of techniques, including central, steady, maintained (CSM) fixation, LEA symbols, Teller acuity cards, and the Snellen chart. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0, and a P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 64 eyes from 64 patients were included. The mean age was 25.5 ± 22.0 years, and 71.9% were male. Open globe injuries accounted for 75% of cases, most (38%) of which were caused by sharp metal objects. Seventeen patients (26.6%) were under 7 years of age. Significant factors associated with final visual acuity included age (P = 0.021), injury type (P = 0.025), vitreous prolapse (P = 0.012), and size of rupture (r = 0.327, P = 0.024). Younger patients and those without vitreous prolapse had better visual outcomes. CONCLUSION: Age, injury type, vitreous involvement, and wound size were the main predictors of final visual acuity after traumatic cataract surgery. Comprehensive evaluation and timely surgical management may improve visual prognosis.