Juliet Chinaza Anuwe, Ausiku Petrus
This systematic review investigates the interaction effects of irrigation regimes and soil conditioners on selected soil physical, chemical, and biological properties in water-limited environments. The study synthesizes evidence published between 2021 and 2024 to determine how different irrigation intensities interact with soil conditioners such as biochar, compost, hydrogels, nano-silicon, and other amendments to influence soil health and agricultural sustainability. The review aims to identify patterns in the effects of integrated soil and water management on soil moisture retention, water productivity, soil structure, nutrient availability, soil organic carbon, microbial activity, and enzyme functions. It also examines contextual factors, including soil type, amendment type, application rate, irrigation intensity, and treatment duration, that may influence these interactions. A systematic search was conducted across major scientific databases, and eligible studies were selected according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were synthesized narratively because of heterogeneity in study design, interventions, and outcome measures. The findings are expected to provide evidence-based recommendations for researchers, farmers, and policymakers seeking sustainable strategies to improve soil quality and optimize water use efficiency under conditions of increasing water scarcity and climate variability.