Changes in 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure After Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery in Patients With Morbid Obesity: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate changes in office and ambulatory blood pressure following bariatric and metabolic surgery in patients with morbid obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients with morbid obesity who underwent bariatric and metabolic surgery between January 2020 and August 2023 at a single tertiary referral center. Office blood pressure and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring were performed before surgery and repeated at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. The primary outcome was the change in mean 24-hour systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). RESULTS: A total of 25 patients were included. The mean body mass index decreased from 39.2±6.9 kg/m2 preoperatively to 32.2±5.2 kg/m2 at 6 months and 28.8±4.2 kg/m2 at 12 months. Office SBP significantly decreased from 140.3±10.7 mmHg at baseline to 128.0±9.4 mmHg at 12 months (P<0.001), while office DBP decreased from 87.0±6.9 mmHg to 82.2±6.4 mmHg (P<0.001). Likewise, mean 24-hour SBP decreased from 132.7±10.7 to 126.5±8.8 mmHg at 12 months (P=0.030), and mean 24-hour DBP decreased from 85.0±6.7 to 79.5±6.5 mmHg (P=0.040). CONCLUSION: Bariatric and metabolic surgery was associated with significant reductions in both office and ambulatory blood pressure during the first postoperative year.