Amanda Carolina Barbosa de Aguiar, Leormando Fortunato Dornelas Júnior, Eric Fabrício Marialva, Andre de Abreu Rangel Aguirre, Claudia María Ríos Velásquez, Felipe Arley Costa Pessoa, Hemelly Suldini da Silva, Carolina Bioni Garcia Teles, Amália Dos Santos Ferreira, Raiane Gosenheimer Peruffo, Ivaneide Nunes da Costa Silva, Isis Hemanuely Suldini Padilha, Janaina Rodrigues Raiser, Monizi Angélica Alves Steger, Gabriel de Sá Pitangui Almeida, Kamila Pereira de França, Lilith Helena de Castro Barroso, Sergio de Almeida Basano, Luis Marcelo Aranha Camargo
Visceral leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease of public health importance in Brazil, with expansion into peri-urban areas. This cross-sectional study evaluated 450 dogs in a municipality of the Western Amazon, Brazil, using TR-DPP® serology, ELISA confirmation, hematological analysis, PCR targeting the Hsp70 gene, and entomological surveys with CDC light traps. A total of 45 dogs (10%) were seroreactive, and 34 were confirmed by ELISA. Hemoparasites such as Babesia spp. were detected. All pooled samples were negative by PCR. Six species of phlebotomine sand flies were identified, including Nyssomyia antunesi and Migonemyia migonei. The findings suggest early exposure of dogs in an area of emerging epidemiological risk, highlighting the importance of integrated surveillance strategies.