The modulatory effect of oxygen -releasing gel versus 0.8% hyaluronic acid gel incorporated hydroxyapatite bone graft in the management of grade II mandibular furcation defects: a randomized clinical control trial.

AIM: The intricate architecture of multirooted teeth challenges access to the furcation for treatment. This study aimed to assess the clinical and radiographic efficacy of oxygen-releasing oral gel and 0.8% hyaluronic acid gel along with hydroxyapatite bone graft to treat Class II furcation defects. METHODOLOGY: Overall, 45 (one site per participant, aged from 20 to 60 years) mandibular molars with periodontitis (stage II and stage III, grade A and B) and class II buccal furcation defects were treated in this study. Selected sites were randomly divided into three groups. In group 1, placebo gel was placed after open flap debridement (OFD), in group 2- 0.8% hyaluronic acid gel + hydroxyapatite bone graft was placed after OFD, and, in group 3, oxygen-releasing oral gel + hydroxyapatite bone graft was placed after furcation defect OFD. Clinical parameters such as gingival index, plaque index, relative vertical clinical attachment level, relative horizontal clinical attachment level, and probing pocket depth were recorded at baseline and six months later. Radiographic measurements-intra bony defect & % bone fill-were measured and calculated by cone beam computed tomography. Results: The mean reduction in intra bony defect was highest in Group 3 (1.433±0.594), followed by Groups 2 (1.000 ± 0.000) and 1 (0.700±0.414). Group 1 showed the lowest mean bone fill (34.69%±12.14), which was significantly lower than in Groups 2 (46.87%±4.71) and 3 (50.93%±4.62), with p-values of (p<0.001) in both comparisons. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this study, its results imply that oxygen-releasing gel along with hydroxyapatite bone graft in surgical periodontal therapy to treat class II furcation defects has shown superior regenerative potential. Clinical Trial Register: CTRI/2025/02/081311.