Association between 6-month changes in 4-m usual gait time and social function domain score among community-dwelling older adults: a secondary analysis of a community-based program.

[Purpose] In this study, we aimed to examine whether within-person changes in physical function are associated with changes in the social function domain score among community-dwelling older adults participating in a municipal community program. [Participants and Methods] A secondary analysis was conducted using longitudinal data of 191 older adults who completed baseline and 6-month follow-up assessments. The social function domain score was calculated using four items from the Eleven-Check questionnaire. Physical function was assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery. In addition, handgrip strength, Timed Up and Go, and 4-m maximum-pace gait time tests were performed. Changes in each variable were calculated as the 6-month follow-up value minus the baseline value. In addition, Spearman's rank correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were performed. [Results] Changes in the 4-m usual gait time were significantly correlated with changes in the social function domain score. In a regression model adjusted for age and sex, changes in 4-m usual gait time were associated with changes in the social function domain score. The model explained 9.3% of the variance. [Conclusion] 6-month changes in 4-m usual gait time were associated with changes in the social function domain score among community-dwelling older adults.