Congenital Hypothyroidism

Key Points Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the most common preventable cause of intellectual disability. Prompt diagnosis and recognition are critical to support optimal neurodevelopmental outcomes and overall growth.The newborn screening used in the United States has been beneficial in diagnosing CH.Levothyroxine, taken once daily in a pill form, is the current standard of care.After levothyroxine is initiated, infants with CH are treated for the first 3 postnatal years, after which a trial off levothyroxine may be considered in transient or mild cases.