Acceptability and feasibility of an adapted Portuguese folk dance-based therapy in older adults with moderate-to-severe dementia and balance impairment.

INTRODUCTION: Population ageing has increased the prevalence of dementia, often accompanied by mobility impairments. It is essential to develop effective interventions and promote adherence among people with dementia. Culturally meaningful activities may enhance motivation, engagement, and rehabilitation outcomes. METHODS: A mixed-methods pilot study was developed to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of an adapted Portuguese folk dance-based intervention among older adults with moderate to severe dementia and balance impairment in a long-term care facility. RESULTS: Ten participants were recruited; eight completed the 4-week, twice-weekly programme. Quantitative measures included the Mini-BESTest and MoCA. Acceptability domains, including enrolment, retention, attendance, satisfaction, and safety, were assessed through surveys and interviews. Retention was 80%, and attendance averaged 85.9%. No adverse events occurred. All participants expressed high satisfaction, perceived the programme as useful, and indicated a willingness to repeat or recommend it. Balance improved significantly [Mini-BESTest mean change = 1.38 ± 0.32; t = 4.25, p = 0.004, Cohen's d = 1.50; BF10 = 14.00 (numerical error ≈ 5.76 × 10-7)], while cognition remained stable [MoCA w = 0.00, p = 1.00; BF10 = 0.50 (numerical error 9.03 × 10-5)]. Qualitative data highlighted enjoyment, motivation, and social connection as facilitators of adherence. The adapted Portuguese folk dance-based programme showed feasibility and acceptability among older adults with dementia. DISCUSSION: The findings support its feasibility and preliminary potential as a culturally rooted intervention, warranting evaluation of balance-related benefits in future controlled trials.