The ameliorative role of Cicer arietinum phytosome in arresting liver disease progression in rat

Abstract Background Chronic liver disorders (CLD) considered as progressive evolution from nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to serious hepatocellular damage from hepatitis, followed by fibrosis and cirrhosis ends by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hence, the existing investigation intends to assess the ameliorative effect of the Cicer arietinum polyunsaturated fatty acids phytosome (CAPP) on some chronic liver disorders caused by thioacetamide (TAA) with different doses in male albino rats. Fifty-four male albino rats were divided into nine groups (6 rats /group). Control groups were occupied distilled water for 6, 12, 16 weeks. The three TAA groups were injected TAA intraperitoneally (i.p) with different doses and time intervals. TAA 100 mg/kg b.wt for 6 weeks, TAA 200 mg/kg b.wt for 12 weeks, TAA 200 mg/kg b.wt for 16 weeks; twice a week. TAA + CAPP groups were administered orally CAPP (500 mg/kg body weight) daily for 6, 12, and 16 weeks concurrently with TAA. Results TAA groups have significant increase in levels of serum ALT, AST, LDH, ALP, γGT, total bilirubin, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, PGE2, COX-2, AFP, bFGF and PDGF-A at all intervals. Further, significant decrease in serum total protein, albumin and HDL-cholesterol levels was recorded relative to the control groups. Meanwhile, TAA induced significant increment in hepatic NO and MDA contents accompanied with significant decline in hepatic SOD, GSH, CAT and, GPX contents compared with control groups. Histologically, TAA groups showed several grades of hepatic lesions including hepatic fibrosis and necrosis at 6 weeks, cirrhosis at 12 weeks, and late-stage cirrhosis with neoplastic appearance at 16 weeks relative to the control groups. Interestingly, oral administration of CAPP concurrently with TAA ameliorates the abnormal effects of TAA significantly in all abovementioned parameters and in the histological level. Conclusion Administration of CAPP may have a prospective role in alleviating some of chronic liver diseases and its related oxidative stress as undesirable side effects of TAA.