Sara M Eladawy, Heba H Salem, Gehan F Balata, Ahmed A Abdelkader, Mohamed Hany Abdelraouf, Ahmed Mostafa Abdelazem, Mohamed Khaled Ahmed Awad, Shams Abdo Mostafa Hassan, Mohamed Saad Rady Attallah, Merna Magdy Zakaria, Nada Mohamed Sayed Rateb, Aml Abdel Aziz Mohamed Zidan, Nada Elrekawky Helmy Tawfik, Sara Soliman Mousa, Tasnem Ahmed Ali, Maryam Khaled Attia Mohamed, Mariam Ashraf Abdo, Asmaa Mohamed Hassan, Eslam Sobhy Abdelaziz, Kholud Ashraf Mohamed, Hedra Asad Thabet, Rewan Tarek Muhamed, Dina Hassan El Sayed, Nancy Essam El Hussaini Mohamed, Abdel Rahman Mohamed Hashem, Mariam Khaled Mohamed, David Magdy Maurice Gendi, Sara Alaa Eldin Essam, Mark Alkes Rezkalla Nouh, Hala Esameldin Mohamed Kahla, Shereen Sadik El Sway, Rasha Sobh Mohamed Farag, Bassant Saeed Gaber, Amal Ahmed Mohamed, Mohamed Said Mahmoud, Naglaa Fawzy, Amira Mohamed Fadl, Ali Mahmoud Abdelkader, Hany N Azzam
Zinc plays an important role in glucose metabolism and lipid regulation, and its imbalance has been implicated in the development of type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and dyslipidemia. A case-control study was conducted on 100 patients with type 2 diabetes and 95 controls. Serum zinc levels, metabolic panel and Blood pressure, were measured. Demographic and treatment-related factors were assessed to evaluate their potential influence on trace element status. Moreover, dietary zinc consumption was estimated. Diabetic patients had significantly lower serum zinc levels compared to non-diabetic participants despite comparable intake. In addition, each unit (mcg/dL) increase in serum zinc was associated with 10% lower odds of diabetes prevalence (p = 0.003). Total TC, TG, and LDL were all significantly increased in patients with diabetes (p < 0.001), each 1 mg/dL increase in LDL-cholesterol increased the odds of zinc deficiency by 4% (p = 0.03). Individuals with diabetes had significantly lower diastolic blood pressure as compared to healthy participants (p = 0.01). People with diabetes display different blood pressure and lipid patterns, as well as lower serum zinc concentrations, despite having dietary zinc intake comparable to those without diabetes. Higher serum zinc levels are associated with reduced odds of having diabetes. However, because these findings are based on cross-sectional data, further longitudinal and intervention studies are needed to determine the most effective zinc formulations and dosing regimens.