Effects of platelet-rich fibrin on the biological properties of rabbit adipose-derived stem cells in vitro.

To investigate the effects of platelet-rich fibrin on the biological properties of rabbit adipose-derived stem cells in vitro. Rabbit adipose-derived stem cells were isolated via enzymatic digestion, characterized by flow cytometry, and their trilineage differentiation potential was confirmed. Platelet-rich fibrin was prepared from rabbit blood and characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Adipose-derived stem cells were cultured with platelet-rich fibrin, and cell proliferation and migration were assessed using CCK-8, fluorescence staining, scratch would healing, and transwell assays. Isolated adipose-derived stem cells exhibited trilineage differentiation potential. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the platelet-rich fibrin formed a three-dimensional fibrin network with platelets entrapped within the matrix. Functionally, platelet-rich fibrin significantly enhanced adipose-derived stem cell proliferation and migration. In the proliferation assay (CCK-8), platelet-rich fibrin treatment significantly increased cell numbers from day 3 onward (P < 0.05), reaching highly significant levels at day 5 and day 7 (P < 0.01) compared to controls. Notably, the direct co-culture group showed the highest proliferative activity at day 7, significantly exceeding the indirect co-culture group (P < 0.01). In the scratch wound healing assay, platelet-rich fibrin also significantly promoted adipose-derived stem cell migration (P < 0.05), with the direct co-culture group achieving near-complete wound closure by 24 h, particularly when cells were directly embedded within the three-dimensional platelet-rich fibrin scaffold. In this in vitro setting, platelet-rich fibrin demonstrates favorable biocompatibility with rabbit adipose-derived stem cells, significantly promoting both their proliferation (time-dependently) and migration, with the three-dimensional platelet-rich fibrin scaffold providing superior support compared to soluble factors alone. These findings indicate that the platelet-rich fibrin /adipose-derived stem cell composite possesses suitable cytocompatibility properties, warranting further in vivo investigation in rabbit urethral defect models to assess its regenerative potential.