Empowering health service providers in health center in low- and middle-income countries: results of a participatory action research study in Iran.

INTRODUCTION: Empowering health-care providers is a key strategy for improving the quality of primary health care. Insufficient competencies may reduce job satisfaction, motivation, and performance, ultimately affecting service quality. This study aimed to empower health-care providers at the Vali-Asr Comprehensive Health Center in Shiraz. METHODS: This participatory action research study was conducted over 22 months (2022-2024) using two consecutive cycles based on the Kemmis and McTaggart model. Twenty-four health-care providers, two family physicians, and two supervisors participated in the study. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to assess the existing situation, develop and implement action plans, and evaluate outcomes. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative data were analyzed through conventional content analysis. RESULTS: Quantitative and qualitative findings demonstrated consistent improvements following implementation of the action plans. Participants showed increased psychological empowerment, enhanced professional performance, greater satisfaction with educational programs, and improved client satisfaction. Qualitative findings indicated substantial progress in scientific and practical competence, supportive workplace culture, and psychological well-being among health-care providers. CONCLUSION: Participatory action research was effective in strengthening the empowerment of health-care providers through collaborative identification of challenges and implementation of context-specific solutions. The findings suggest that involving health-care staff in planning and decision-making processes can enhance workforce capacity, workplace well-being, and the quality of primary health-care services. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.