Hye Seung Kang
The health coaching program based on Cox's interaction model significantly improved both physiological and psychosocial outcomes in older adults with diabetes. These findings support the model's applicability for designing patient-centered nursing interventions to promote self-management and enhance community-based chronic care.
PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a health coaching program based on Cox's interaction model in adults aged 65 years or older with diabetes mellitus.
METHODS: A quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group and pretest-posttest measures was employed. Fifty-nine participants were assigned to either the experimental group (n = 30) or the control group (n = 29). The 8-week intervention included 16 sessions of group coaching, health education, stress management, and health monitoring. Outcome measures included physiological indicators (glycated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and blood pressure), self-care behaviors, diabetes distress, and health conservation.
RESULTS: The experimental group demonstrated significant reductions in glycated hemoglobin (t = 4.59, p < .001), fasting blood glucose (t = 6.66, p < .001), total cholesterol (t = 2.90, p = .005), systolic blood pressure (t = 2.32, p = .024), and diastolic blood pressure (t = 2.94, p = .005) versus the control group. Psychosocial outcomes also improved, with increased self-care behaviors (t = 4.04, p < .001) and health conservation (t = 3.20, p = .002), along with decreased diabetes distress (t = 3.80, p < .001).
CONCLUSION: The health coaching program based on Cox's interaction model significantly improved both physiological and psychosocial outcomes in older adults with diabetes. These findings support the model's applicability for designing patient-centered nursing interventions to promote self-management and enhance community-based chronic care.