Ergotamine, triptans, and the global challenge of medication-overuse headache: a call to action from Asia–Oceania

Medication-overuse headache (MOH) is one of the most revealing paradoxes in neurology: medicines designed to relieve pain can, when misused, become the very cause of chronic suffering [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. MOH is now recognised as a leading cause of secondary chronic daily headache worldwide, compounding the burden of primary disorders such as migraine [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. It is common, disabling, costly to health systems, and crucially entirely preventable. Yet, despite this, it remains a neglected global problem [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ].