Pervin Aniş, Sibel Şardağ, Nil Okyay
Nanobubble technology has recently emerged as a promising approach for improving mass transfer and dye–fibre interactions in textile dyeing systems. Nanobubbles are generally defined as gas bubbles with diameters typically smaller than 200 nm that remain stable in aqueous media for extended periods due to their high internal pressure and surface charge characteristics These unique physicochemical properties allow nanobubbles to influence interfacial processes in liquid systems and enhance the transport of dissolved species, including dye molecules. As a result, nanobubble-enriched dye baths can provide improved dye dispersion and more efficient transport of dye molecules towards textile fibre surfaces. In this study, polyester fabrics were dyed with nanobubble water and with soft water, and the CIELAB colour values, washing, and rubbing fastness values were examined after dyeing. It was found that the washing and rubbing fastness values after dyeing with nanobubble water were very close to those after dyeing with soft water. The effects of dye molecular size, dye concentration, yarn twist level, and yarn linear density on the K/S values were found to be statistically significant. For all parameters, higher K/S values were obtained when nanobubble-containing solutions were used.