Occupational injuries caused by exposure to hydrogen sulfide generated by microbial activity.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to analyze the risks associated with occupational exposure to hydrogen sulfide and to identify the main factors that lead to its formation and accumulation in work environments. The study also aimed to propose measures that may reduce the frequency and severity of related incidents. METHODS: The study was based on an evaluation of workplace accident records involving hydrogen sulfide and an assessment of available scientific findings on its generation, behavior, and effects on the human body. Particular focus was placed on confined or poorly ventilated spaces, where the gas is most likely to accumulate. The collected data were reviewed to identify recurring patterns and critical risk factors. RESULTS: The analysis shows that exposure to hydrogen sulfide often leads to severe or fatal outcomes. In most fatal incidents, the presence of hydrogen sulfide was a decisive factor. High concentrations were repeatedly recorded in enclosed spaces, such as sewers, wastewater treatment facilities, and biogas plants. These incidents frequently involved rapid loss of consciousness caused by suppression of the respiratory center and the sudden loss of the ability to detect the gas by smell. Several events affected multiple workers, demonstrating a high potential for large-scale accidents. CONCLUSIONS: The findings highlight the need for improved prevention strategies in industries where hydrogen sulfide may develop. Recommended measures include the application of advanced detection technologies, improved ventilation, and stricter safety procedures. These measures may help increase awareness of the hazard and enhance the protection of workers in high-risk environments.