Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the larynx: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm characterized by myofibroblastic spindle cells and inflammatory infiltrates. CASE SUMMARY: We report the case of a 49-year-old female presenting with progressive hoarseness and a right vocal fold mass. Microlaryngoscopy with partial resection was performed without preoperative imaging. Histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular analyses were conducted. Histopathological and molecular analyses showed a myofibroblastic spindle cell proliferation with a TIMP3::ALK gene fusion, confirming the diagnosis of IMT. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and follow-up examinations demonstrated complete remission. CONCLUSION: Laryngeal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a very rare condition, particularly in adults. Complete surgical excision can lead to full remission, but regular follow-up is important due to the risk of recurrence. Immunohistochemical and molecular analyses, especially ALK testing, are essential for accurate diagnosis and evaluation regarding targeted therapy. Further studies are needed to establish clear recommendations for follow-up and treatment.