Effects of adenosine triphosphate and reduced glutathione on biochemical, histopathological and immunofluorescence alterations associated with atezolizumab-induced cardiac tissue injury.

BACKGROUND: In this study, the potential protective effects of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and glutathione (GSH) against atezolizumab-induced cardiac injury in rat heart tissue were investigated. METHODS: A total of 24 male albino Wistar rats were used in the experiment. The animals were divided into four groups: healthy group adenosine triphosphate + atezolizumab (ATAZ), GSH + atezolizumab (GHAZ), and atezolizumab alone (ATZ). ATP was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 4 mg/kg, while GSH was administered orally at a dose of 200 mg/kg for 7 days. Atezolizumab was administered intraperitoneally to the experimental groups at a dose of 10 mg/kg twice weekly. At the end of the experiment, malondialdehyde total glutathione (tGSH), superoxide dismutase catalase, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in heart tissues were measured using biochemical methods. In addition, histopathological and immunofluorescence examinations were performed. RESULTS: The results showed that oxidative stress and inflammation markers increased, whereas antioxidant parameters decreased in the atezolizumab-treated group. ATP and GSH administration significantly attenuated these changes and exerted protective effects on cardiac tissue. CONCLUSION: Overall, ATP and GSH ameliorated the biochemical, histopathological, and immunofluorescence changes associated with atezolizumab-induced cardiac injury in this experimental model.