Junfei Shi, Guanyu Sun, Wentao Liu, Diao Zhan, Bin Chen, Zhenlin Qu, Chengyu Wang, He Li, Huan Zhang, Zhiqiang Shi, Man Yu, Weimin Dou, Lingran Meng, Honghui Xu
Achieving carbon neutrality requires scalable low‐carbon technologies that can efficiently utilize renewable resources. Biomass gasification is a key thermochemical route for producing versatile synthesis gas for fuels and chemicals, yet large‐scale deployment is constrained by feedstock heterogeneity, tar formation, and ash‐related operational issues. In practice, no gasification system can fully resolve the inherent trade‐offs among feedstock heterogeneity, syngas quality, and operational robustness. These factors jointly affect process efficiency, syngas quality, and economic feasibility, highlighting the need for integrated strategies combining appropriate pretreatment methods, reactor configuration, and process optimization and control. This review synthesizes how feedstock physicochemical properties, pretreatment strategies, and gasifier configurations interact to shape gasification behavior and operational constraints, thereby organizing existing knowledge into a compatibility‐oriented perspective that highlights key trade‐offs, limitations, and design considerations for flexible and scalable gasification systems.