Lump waves and their dynamics in a generalized Kadomtsev–Petviashvili-like model

This study explores dispersion-induced lump structures in a generalized (2+1)-dimensional Kadomtsev–Petviashvili-like framework. Starting from a generalized bilinear representation of the governing equation, we derive positive quadratic wave solutions through symbolic computation, which yield lump structures. The analysis reveals that the stationary points of these quadratic waves lie along a straight line in the spatial domain and move at constant velocities. Along this characteristic line, the lump wave amplitude becomes zero. The development of these lump waves is attributed to the combined effects of five distinct dispersion terms in the model.