Warm inflation in Weyl geometric gravity

Abstract We investigate the warm inflationary scenario in Weyl geometric gravity theory, in which the action is constructed by adding matter to the simplest conformally invariant gravitational action in Weyl geometry. The $$\tilde{R}^2$$ R ~ 2 theory can be formulated equivalently as a linear theory supplemented by an additional scalar degree of freedom originating from higher-order curvature terms, with the equations of motion obtained via variational methods. We investigate the cosmological implications of the theory by considering the warm inflationary scenario of the early evolution of the Universe, in which radiation, the inflaton field, and the Weyl vector coexist. We consider the widely studied linear dissipation coefficient model along with a quartic potential, and investigate the influence of the Weyl vector term on the dynamics. We performed numerical computations for different coupling models, and we successfully developed a warm inflationary model in which the Universe transitions naturally from an inflationary epoch to a radiation-dominated era. The relevant cosmological observables were calculated and compared with the latest observational constraints from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) data.