Factors Influencing Self-Management Behaviors in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis and Intervention Strategies: A Narrative Review.

BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis (AD), as a chronic, recurrent inflammatory skin disease, relies heavily on patients' self-management behaviors for long-term effective control. However, clinical practice indicates that patients' self-management status is generally unsatisfactory and is influenced by the interactive effects of multiple factors, including sociodemographic, disease-related, psychological, and social support factors. In this context, systematically reviewing the factors influencing self-management behaviors and existing intervention strategies is of great significance for optimizing disease control and improving patients' long-term quality of life and treatment satisfaction. Therefore, this review summarizes the multiple factors affecting self-management behaviors in AD patients and explores the current status and potential of existing interventions. METHODS: Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, we searched relevant literature in the CNKI, PubMed, and Web of Science databases using keywords including "atopic dermatitis", "self-management", "factors influencing self-management", and "intervention". A narrative review method was employed to synthesize and analyze the literature on factors influencing self-management behaviors and intervention strategies in patients with atopic dermatitis. RESULTS: After screening, a total of 11 relevant studies were included. The review found that the level of self-management is influenced by the interaction of multiple factors, including sociodemographic factors, disease-related factors, psychological factors, and social support. Current interventions primarily focus on health education and are gradually incorporating digital health tools and multidisciplinary collaboration models, showing potential in improving medication adherence, skin care practices, and stress management. Despite these advances, the self-management status in clinical practice remains unsatisfactory. CONCLUSION: Existing evidence indicates that self-management behaviors in patients with atopic dermatitis remain at a low level and are influenced by multiple complex factors. Future research should prioritize the development of individualized structured education programs and cognitive behavioral interventions to effectively enhance patients' self-management abilities, thereby optimizing disease control and improving long-term quality of life and treatment satisfaction.