Quinoline Derivatives as Versatile Scaffold for Anti-Inflammatory Drug Development

Abstract Quinoline is a significant class of heterocyclic compounds that have demonstrated notable anti-inflammatory and other therapeutic effects. This review article provides a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of quinoline derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents, emphasizing their structural modifications and pharmacological advancements. Various strategies, including modification of existing quinoline scaffolds, hybridization with other heterocyclic rings, and exploration of novel quinoline-fused systems, have been employed to enhance their anti-inflammatory activity. Key findings highlight the identification of several quinoline derivatives with potent inhibitory effects on inflammatory mediators, such as cyclooxygenase (COX), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukins, and nitric oxide (NO). In animal models, many compounds have demonstrated promising anti-inflammatory activity, with some molecules exhibiting superior efficacy and safety profiles compared to traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Continued development and structural optimization of quinoline-based compounds hold great promise for discovering potent and innovative anti-inflammatory drugs with enhanced therapeutic efficacy and reduced adverse effects, ultimately contributing to improved treatment outcomes.