Encapsulate bacteria in implantable hydrogels for living therapeutics.

Recent advances in implantable living materials have highlighted their potential for autonomous therapeutic delivery by integrating mechanically robust hydrogels with encapsulated therapeutic bacteria. By enabling long-term biocontainment, environmental sensing, and genetically programmed drug release within physiologically stable scaffolds, these living materials establish a versatile foundation for next-generation personalized therapeutics and closed-loop disease management.