Kenneth H. Williford, Kenneth A. Farley, B. Horgan, Bradley Garczynski, A. H. Treiman, Sanjeev Gupta, Alexander Jones, Sandra Siljeström, Elise Clavé, L. E. Mayhew, Jeffrey T. Osterhout, Eleni Ravanis, K. M. Stack, S. A. Fagents, C. C. Bedford, Tanja Bosak, Sergei V. Bykov, David Flannery, K. P. Hand, Michael W. Jones, Linda C. Kah, Athanasios Klidaras, J. N. Maki, Lucia Mandon, Elias N. Mansbach, F. M. McCubbin, Justin I. Simon, A. Srivastava, Kyle Uckert, R. C. Wiens, Sanna Holm‐Alwmark, Julene Aramendia, Robert Barnes, Pierre Beck, J. F. Bell, Sylvain Bernard, R. Bhartia, M. S. Bramble, A. J. Brown, Adrian Broz, Denise Buckner, David C. Catling, E. A. Cloutis, Stephanie Connell, Andrea Corpolongo, Andrew D. Czaja, E. Dehouck, Teresa Fornaro, O. Forni, Nikole C. Haney, Keyron Hickman‐Lewis, William F. Hug, Ari Koeppel, Juan Manuel Madariaga, Jesús Martínez‐Frías, Jorge I. Núñez, Brendan J. Orenstein, Yu Yu Phua, C. Pilorget, Nicolas Randazzo, Clément Royer, Eva L. Scheller, Nicole Schmitz, Susanne Schröder, Mark A. Sephton, Shiv K. Sharma, Sunanda Sharma, David L. Shuster, Kimberly Poppy Sinclair, A. Steele, Christian Tate, B. P. Weiss, Amy J. Williams, U. Wolf, R. A. Yingst
The Perseverance rover landed in Jezero crater on Mars, which once contained a lake of liquid water. We report the rock properties encountered by Perseverance during a 10-kilometer traverse extending over 400 meters in elevation, from beneath Jezero's western sedimentary fan to the upper crater rim. These rocks consist of coarse-grained olivine, magnesium and iron carbonates, silica, and phyllosilicates, including some of the oldest materials exposed within Jezero. We infer that these rocks formed by olivine accumulation in an igneous system of layered intrusions, followed by exposure to water and carbon dioxide, which caused extensive carbonation of the silicate minerals. Aqueous alteration was more pronounced at lower elevations. Higher-elevation exposures on the crater rim appear similar to olivine-rich rocks distributed over the wider Nili Fossae region.