Mechanistic Study of m5C Modification in Stem Cell Differentiation and Disease Regulation.

m5C (5-methylcytosine) modification is a significant epigenetic modification in RNA that has garnered substantial attention in recent years in stem cell biology and disease research. The dynamic regulation of m5C involves methyltransferases, demethylases, and specific binding proteins, which collectively influence RNA stability, translation efficiency, and cellular function. Especially in stem cell differentiation, m5C modification not only affects stem cell self-renewal and differentiation fate but is also closely associated with the onset and progression of various diseases. This review explores the mechanisms of m5C modification in stem cell differentiation and related diseases, highlighting its emerging roles in gene expression regulation and disease pathogenesis. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.