Sandipan Bera, Amit Kumar Tiwari
ABSTRACT Biopolymers such as bioactive carbohydrates and glycoproteins have recently gained attention due to their diverse functional properties like antioxidant, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and prebiotic activities. Predominantly extracted from plants, these biopolymers have great potential in food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical applications. The conventional extraction methods report lower yield and cause thermal degradation of these biopolymers. To overcome this limitation, various advanced non‐thermal and green extraction techniques have gained attention. However, the application of these novel extraction methods remains a critical challenge for their large‐scale utilization. This review critically evaluates several novel extraction technologies (ultrasonic‐assisted, microwave‐assisted, supercritical fluid, pulse‐assisted, and enzyme‐assisted extraction) for maximizing the yield and recovery of structurally intact biopolymers, with emphasis on process optimization, bioactivity preservation, energy consumption, cost, and industrial scale‐up for functional food and nutraceutical applications. Additionally, the effect of different pre‐treatments, solvent systems, and mass transfer mechanisms during extraction was also evaluated. It has been found that novel extraction techniques show improved recovery efficiency, reduced solvent usage, and enhanced preservation of molecular weight distribution and glycosylation patterns compared with conventional methods. However, major extraction challenges, downstream processing requirements, and regulatory considerations need to be critically evaluated to assess scalability and industrial feasibility. Therefore, strategic process integration, energy‐efficient design, continuous‐flow systems, process intensification strategies, and membrane‐based purification would be a strong solution to enhance industrial viability while maintaining functional and structural integrity. All these interventions are essential to enable scalable production of high‐value bioactive carbohydrates and glycoproteins.