Association of Autoimmune Hyperthyroidism and Endometriosis, With an Endometrioma Rupture as a Complication: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

This case report examines the association between autoimmune thyroid disease, more commonly known as Graves' disease, and endometriosis with a focus on the complication of an endometrioma rupture. The interplay between these two conditions is of clinical interest as increased levels of estrogen are caused by immune system dysregulation. Research has depicted a positive correlation between the concentration of thyroid hormones and the size of endometriomas and/or adhesions caused by endometriosis. We report a case of an endometrioma rupture in a 31-year-old woman with a history of autoimmune hyperthyroidism who presented with acute abdominal pain. We are aimed at enhancing the timeliness of diagnosis and treatment by raising awareness among healthcare providers about the importance of considering endometrioma rupture in the differential diagnosis for women of childbearing age who have a history of autoimmune hyperthyroidism or endometriosis.