A mangrove-based dataset to study the ecology of Neotropical mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) in French Guiana.

Understanding how mosquitoes are distributed across natural and anthropogenic environments is crucial but remains challenging in tropical regions. Here, we present a sampling-event dataset designed to document Neotropical mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) assemblages associated with mangrove habitats in French Guiana. A total of 334 collection events were carried out across a variety of coastal and estuarine mangrove habitats that differed in species composition, structure, age, and proximity to urban settlements. The dataset comprises 21,765 mosquito specimens belonging to 14 genera and 62 species. The most abundant taxa were unidentified Culex belonging to the subgenus Melanoconion (8,580; 39.4%), Coquillettidia venezuelensis (4,471; 20.5%), Deinocerites magnus (3,354; 15.4%), and Culex portesi (1,496; 6.9%), together representing 82.2% of all collected specimens. The dataset includes voucher specimens, associated DNA barcodes, and incorporates male genitalia dissections for selected taxa to support species identifications. This sampling-event dataset provides standardised data on mosquito occurrence and abundance in mangrove ecosystems.