Retrograde robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in a patient with localized prostate cancer: a case report.

INTRODUCTION: Prostate cancer represents one of the most prevalent malignancies affecting the male population worldwide. With increasing survival rates, greater attention has been directed toward postoperative complications, particularly erectile dysfunction and urinary incontinence. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 70-year-old male patient with histologically confirmed prostate carcinoma reported lower urinary tract symptoms including dysuria and nocturia. DIAGNOSIS: The pathological diagnosis was organ-confined acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate, pT2, ISUP Grade Group 1, with negative surgical margins (R0). INTERVENTIONS AND OUTCOMES: After pelvic ultrasound, consultation with an anesthesiologist and a cardiologist, the patient underwent retrograde robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. CONCLUSION: This case illustrates the practical application of the retrograde approach, emphasizing its anatomical rationale and technical considerations rather than demonstrating superiority over conventional antegrade nerve sparing. Careful patient selection, sound anatomical knowledge, and adherence to oncological principles remain essential for balancing cancer control with functional preservation. Further prospective comparative studies are required to clarify the role of retrograde nerve-sparing dissection in contemporary robot-assisted radical prostatectomy.