Multi-UAV Enabled Integrated Sensing and Wireless Powered Communication: A Robust Multi-Objective Approach

The integration of sensing and communication functions is a fundamental paradigm for enabling robust and resource-efficient unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted wireless networks. This paper addresses the optimization of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems in UAV-aided wireless networks featuring wireless power transfer (WPT). We propose a novel architecture wherein multiple UAV-based radars concurrently serve multiple clusters of energy-limited communication users while performing sensing tasks. Initially, radars sense the environment, enabling users to harvest and store energy from radar transmissions. Subsequently, this stored energy facilitates uplink communication from nodes to UAVs. Our multi-objective design problem optimizes UAV trajectories, radar transmit waveforms, radar receive filters, time scheduling, and uplink powers to enhance both radar and communication system performance. Incorporating user location uncertainty, we formulate a robust non-convex optimization problem. To address this, we employ an alternating optimization approach, complemented by fractional programming, S-procedure, and majorization-minimization (MM) techniques. Numerical examples illustrate the efficacy of our method across diverse scenarios.