Practical and Secure Authentication Protocol for Vehicle to Grid in Intelligent Transportation Systems

With the gradual increase in market share of electric vehicle (EV), Vehicle to Grid(V2G) has become a new research hotspot in the field of intelligent transportation systems. Its goal is to avoid overloading the power grid due to the simultaneous charging of a large number of electric vehicles. However, when EV is connected to the power grid, V2G will involve a large amount of privacy data exchange. Once these data are leaked, the privacy and security of users will be threatened. Ensuring the secure transmission of user privacy information in V2G is crucial. Therefore, this paper proposes a practical and secure authentication protocol for V2G in intelligent transportation systems. This protocol ensures user login security through three-factor authentication mechanism and then implements authentication based on Chebyshev chaotic maps. Finally, secure communication is carried out through the established key. Security analysis shows that this protocol is secure and can ensure the privacy and security of V2G. Informal security analysis shows that this protocol can meet various security attributes. Functional comparison and performance analysis indicate that the protocol not only has high security but also has low computation and communication overhead.