Effect of Rapid Rollover on Pneumothorax Rate After Percutaneous CT-Guided Lung Biopsy: A Multisite Randomized Controlled Trial Within a Single Health System.

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether the rapid rollover technique reduces new or enlarging pneumothorax after anterior or lateral approach CT-guided lung biopsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective, single-institution, multisite, RCT was undertaken after institutional review board approval. Patients with target lesions most amenable to the anterior/lateral approach were considered. Patients with extrapulmonary nodules, intraprocedural chest tube, or conditions that preclude safe repositioning were excluded. The primary outcome was new/enlarging pneumothorax on postbiopsy radiographs. Intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses were performed. Secondary outcomes, including chest tube insertion rate and patient discomfort, were also analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 59 patients were recruited, with 28 randomized to the intervention arm and 31 to the control arm, without significant differences in patient demographics and risk factors. There were 8 cases or 13.6% of new/enlarging pneumothorax, 7 from the control arm and 1 from the intervention. One patient who developed pneumothorax in the intervention arm did not complete the maneuver. The difference in rates of new/enlarging pneumothorax was significant by both ITT and PP analyses (P=0.03 and 0.009). Only 2 patients required chest tube insertion, 1 in the control group and 1 who crossed over to the control group. Multivariate analysis was performed in the ITT analysis, with intervention as an independent significant factor (P=0.0463). There were no significant differences in terms of postbiopsy discomfort. CONCLUSIONS: This randomized controlled trial showed that, without an increase in patient discomfort, the rapid rollover technique reduced the risk of new or enlarging pneumothorax after CT-guided lung biopsy via an anterior/lateral approach. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level I-randomized controlled trial.