Angiofibroma of the maxillary gingiva: a rare case report and review of the literature.

INTRODUCTION: Angiofibromas are benign fibrovascular neoplasms that rarely involve the oral cavity. CASE PRESENTATION: A 36-year-old female presented with a painless swelling on the buccal gingiva adjacent to the right maxillary second molar. Examination revealed a solitary, sessile, oval mass measuring 1.5 cm × 1.2 cm × 1.0 cm. The lesion was excised under local anesthesia. Histopathology confirmed an angiofibroma, showing non-keratinized hyperplastic epithelium overlying a fibrous stroma containing numerous newly formed capillaries. Healing was uneventful, with no recurrence at 1 year. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Oral angiofibromas mimic common lesions such as fibromas, necessitating histopathological confirmation. Differential diagnoses include solitary fibrous tumors and spindle cell lipomas. Complete local excision is curative. CONCLUSION: This rare case of maxillary gingival angiofibroma underscores the importance of histopathological evaluation for definitive diagnosis. Complete excision yields excellent outcomes.