Long-term Outcomes of Microform Cleft Lip Repair with Nasolabial Muscle Tension Line Group Reconstruction: A 19-Year Experience.

BACKGROUND: Microform cleft lip is considered the mildest form of cleft lip with ongoing debate on its definition, classification, and manifestation. This study aimed to evaluate preoperative and long-term postoperative outcomes of unilateral microform cleft lip repair using the nasolabial muscle tension line group reconstruction technique. METHODS: This retrospective study included patients who underwent microform cleft lip repair using the nasolabial muscle tension line reconstruction technique from 2010 to 2018. Preoperative and long-term (≥5 years) follow-up outcomes were assessed using subjective visual analog scales and objective anthropometric analysis. The anthropometric indexes include eight ratios and three angle measurements. RESULTS: Forty-eight patients were included in this retrospective study. The median follow-up period was 6.01 years (range: 5.06-12.01 years). Subjective assessments showed positive aesthetic outcomes, with minimal scarring and improved symmetry. Long-term postoperative anthropometric measurements demonstrated significant improvements in the symmetry of alar, nostril, columella, nasal sill, philtrum, and vermillion. CONCLUSION: According to our 19 years of experience, the nasolabial muscle tension line group reconstruction technique is effective for repairing microform cleft lip deformities, offering significant improvements in nasal and labial symmetry. This technique ensures reliable formation of the philtrum and nasal sill through precise reconstruction of muscle tension line groups. Long-term follow-up assessments using this technique revealed sustained nasolabial symmetry over time.