Changqin Zhang, Songtao Niu, Yilun Zhou
RATIONALE: Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is a rare immune-mediated disorder that primarily targets the myelin sheaths of peripheral nerves, leading to limb weakness and sensory disturbances. Established treatments for CIDP include glucocorticoids, intravenous immunoglobulin, and plasma exchange. Immunoadsorption (IA) has emerged as a promising alternative to plasma exchange and has shown favorable efficacy in patients who respond inadequately to first-line therapies. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 37-year-old man presented with progressive numbness and weakness of the limbs. He was a hemodialysis patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus and recurrent buttock furuncles. Subsequent electrophysiological testing indicated demyelinating lesions in 2 peripheral nerves. DIAGNOSES: The diagnosis of CIDP was based on clinical symptoms and electrophysiological examinations. INTERVENTIONS: IA was selected as the initial monotherapy and long-term maintenance therapy. OUTCOMES: This case demonstrated that IA was well tolerated and associated with sustained clinical improvements. LESSONS: The use of IA for both initial and maintenance therapy may represent an optimal individualized treatment for patients with CIDP undergoing hemodialysis.