Minimally Invasive Aesthetic Treatments in Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: The number of male patients undergoing aesthetic treatments has increased, and gender-specific factors influence the treatment outcomes. Few high-quality studies have addressed minimally invasive aesthetic procedures in the male population. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the specificities of aesthetic medicine treatments in male patients, analyze their efficacy and safety, and identify research gaps. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. The methodological quality was assessed using the methodological index for non-randomized studies and Cochrane risk of bias tools. A meta-analysis of 5 randomized controlled trials focused on the use of botulinum toxin type A. RESULTS: Ten studies (n = 12,603 male patients) were included. Men preferred neuromodulators and fillers but often required higher product volume. The response rates to botulinum toxin type A for upper facial wrinkles ranged from 65% to 100%, with a meta-analysis incidence of 85% (95% confidence interval: 0.74-0.97). Adverse events were minor and transient (incidence 16% [95% confidence interval: 0.10-0.23]). CONCLUSION: Aesthetic treatments are effective and safe for men. Higher doses of botulinum toxin A improved outcomes without increasing the risk.