Laura Girón-Arango, Carlos Andrés Guzmán-Hernández, Philip Peng
Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia of the ankle and distal lower extremity is widely used for surgical anesthesia and postoperative analgesia. Success depends on a detailed understanding of nerve anatomy, anatomical variations, and sonoanatomy at clinically relevant levels. This pictorial essay reviews the relevant anatomy, sonoanatomy, and block-specific considerations of the sciatic nerve and its distal branches-including the tibial, common peroneal, sural, and saphenous nerves-with an emphasis on tips and pearls for ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia.