Advances in temporizing treatment strategies and associated complications for posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus in preterm infants.

Posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) is a severe complication of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants. It can cause varying degrees of brain injury, neurological impairment, and even death. The pathogenesis of PHH is complex, and several temporizing treatment strategies are currently available. However, these approaches differ in their associated complications and long-term outcomes, and no consensus has been reached regarding the optimal temporizing intervention. This review summarizes the procedural characteristics, complications, and prognostic outcomes of current temporizing treatments for PHH. It also discusses the major challenges, ongoing controversies, and recent advances in PHH management, with the aim of informing clinical decision-making.