Zhong Bo Wu, Juan Li, Min Wu, Ru Song Tian, Song Qiao, Yong Tian
Complete surgical resection was the cornerstone, and histopathological confirmation was crucial. Long-term surveillance should be regarded as a means to prevent tumor recurrence or metastasis.
BACKGROUND: Plexiform neurofibroma (PN) is extremely rare in the perianal region, primarily attributed to the lack of thick nerve trunks in the perianal area, and is closely related to neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1).
CASE SUMMARY: Here we described a 21-year-old man who was admitted to the hospital with a chief complaint of a painless mass on the left perianal area for 10 years. Physical examination revealed a nodular cystic-solid mass approximately 6.0 cm × 3.0 cm in size in the left perianal area, with an irregular shape, soft texture, good mobility, and no obvious tenderness; no abnormalities were found during rectal examination. Preoperative pelvic magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 55 × 27 mm soft tissue lesion in the left ischial region, with radiological characteristics typical of nerve-derived tumors. The patient underwent complete surgical resection of the tumor, and postoperative histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of PN without malignancy.
CONCLUSION: Complete surgical resection was the cornerstone, and histopathological confirmation was crucial. Long-term surveillance should be regarded as a means to prevent tumor recurrence or metastasis.